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I agree with Smiffy here. An EU army is a utopian idea. It would be impossible to get that many countries with governments from across the spectrum to agree on deploying troops. Orban vetoes pretty much everything anyway (apart from giving Hungary EU money) as a default position, but even among like minded countries there would be disagreements.
There will be disagreements with any project that requires international cooperation, but to me (a non expert) a European army has many more things going for it than against it.
In fact I’d say it is pretty much inevitable now that the US is at best an unreliable ally.
Sending people to die is the most ethically complex and controversial project imaginable. Plus Orban will just veto everything involving action against Putin. And you can't not have a veto on military action. I just can't see it personally.
If it gets to the point where pretty much everyone agrees, as they do now, then the main countries will come together to act anyway, as they have done now. To be honest, this European response is a few years too late but looks pretty good. Starmer in the middle of it doing pretty decent work as well.
If UK were involved it wouldn't be an EU army, but if Hungary and Slovakia weren't involved it wouldn't be an EU army either. It would be the main military powers coming together when they agree, which is what you have now.
How are you defining EU army here? Who would decide whether it goes to war? We already have Article 5 in case of an attack, so for less than that (let's say peacekeeping in a volatile area like Ukraine) who has the final decision to send the EU army in?
Who decides which country's troops go where and do which jobs? Do individual parliaments get to ratify the decisions? It's obviously going to be unpopular for any government to go to a war zone via a Brussels decision if the ruling party doesn't agree to it. Imagine Brexit level anger x1000. It could be seen as massive Brussels overreach and kill the European project off for good.
I don't think it's possible and I don't see the benefit in trying.
Yes I described it as a *European* army rather than EU deliberately. I would see it involving the major Western European countries and anyone else in the vicinity who wished to be part of it. Hungary probably not.
Those questions you rightly bring up are practicalities that would hopefully be ironed out in the discussions and agreements that would establish the framework. I cant say Ive thought about it any further than that, but it seems daft that countries that have many common interests, objectives, and adversaries are duplicating resources to the extent they are.
I think we are being a little jumpy with regard to defence treaties and the like. Trump is in his last term (unless he pulls a political rabbit out off his hat, or gets his place men into power?) and we need to see what is rolled back with the next PoUS but until then I can see a european fit NATO being formed very quickly to deal with the current political scene (Starmer has already kicked that off I think). As for duplication of resources that is starting to be resolved with the UK standardising tank ammuntion to match european smooth bore instead of rifled that we currently use. Small Arms ammunition is generally standard across NATO and artillery munitions are being looked at as we speak and I would think that process will be accelerated rapidly. If anything NATO (at least our part of it!) has had a much needed wake up call.