Ok, not football at all, but it matters, eventually.

[Monaco_Totty]

Theories are refined or rejected based on new evidence. If the theory is refined, it may be modified slightly or significantly depending on surfaced validated evidence - it is allowed to evolve to some degree over time.

In the summer of 1945, the USA & Britain agreed that Soviet citizens were those who had resided in the Soviet Union at the outbreak of war on September, 1,1939. Thus, Ukrainians living in pre-war Poland before the war were to retain their Polish citizenship if they wished but had to move within the new postwar Polish borders that had been decreed.

Similarly, Estonians, Latvians & Lithuanians were also considered exempt from involuntary repatriation since the USA & Britain did not recognize the 1940 Annexation of their homelands.

Many displaced Lithuanians had wandered around Europe in abject poverty after Germany moved in while some got shipped onto the UK to help the allies defeat the Germans & who did not want to live later under the Soviet power rule either & again many were left all over destitute & broken as they were no longer required by anyone.

Thus, in 1951 the United Nations legitimised each individual?s right of Asylum & assistance based on persecution, or fear of persecution, regardless of former citizenship, race, or religion - a point I previously have highlighted.

This laid the foundation for the current definition of refugee, which the UN adopted in 1967. So yeah, via research into European fact & fictions through Global & European eyes I learned more & it's certainly not a pleasant re-call to tell, particulary regarding what the history books say & what actually the people concernced know & say as many Lithuanians of my bloodline, sadly, deemed a hell of a lot of matters were kept under wraps from the public at the time of their plight & well after the land grabs.

My grandparents were moved all over & finally against their will to the west into Poland after fleeing Germans & Russians & from their testimonies the land they were literally left in was utterly destroyed & useless compared to what they had before the war which after was given over to the hands of the east. There is a myth that they had received more developed western areas. It wasn?t developed but completely ruined & everything had to be rebuilt from scratch, while Stalin took all that survived in their homeland.

The good thing about it is that we, the grandchildren generation are able to put the history books right as Poland back then with its new borders & Germany were in similar state after the war, completely destroyed, collapsed countries & broken.
While Germany was lucky enough to be at least partially taken over by the western side Lithuanians & the like had to suffer for another half a century after the war !

That is the main reason for Lithuanian national trauma, lack of trust & the iconic pessimism with sadness which was common in post Soviet countries.
It?s getting better now, especially with the new generations coming through, I was born in the 80's & during my lifetime, the place has evolved & developed so much, that sometimes I think it?s a miracle after what happened.

It?s just sad, so sad, that after all this suffering we have another war in Europe & again in the Middle East over land divided by others as I truly believe that we, as a European society, yes I am a European, are still affected by its dark past & need to do everything we can to help our neighbours & get rid of this mess currently descending through dishonest, out dated politics with bygone day values that don't reflect what many of my age even want.

So the degree course of historical fact available became a history lesson re-taught & factuallly changed significantly by its end term forming my views of today's global politics.
As it has done also again over the years, since further reading of different factual accounts emerging via sources i've mentioned which are validated & now open for public debate of which need debate to learn from, imo.

Never again should be never again.

[WTF11]

Theories are refined or rejected based on new evidence. If the theory is refined, it may be modified slightly or significantly depending on surfaced validated evidence - it is allowed to evolve to some degree over time.

In the summer of 1945, the USA & Britain agreed that Soviet citizens were those who had resided in the Soviet Union at the outbreak of war on September, 1,1939. Thus, Ukrainians living in pre-war Poland before the war were to retain their Polish citizenship if they wished but had to move within the new postwar Polish borders that had been decreed.

Similarly, Estonians, Latvians & Lithuanians were also considered exempt from involuntary repatriation since the USA & Britain did not recognize the 1940 Annexation of their homelands.

Many displaced Lithuanians had wandered around Europe in abject poverty after Germany moved in while some got shipped onto the UK to help the allies defeat the Germans & who did not want to live later under the Soviet power rule either & again many were left all over destitute & broken as they were no longer required by anyone.

Thus, in 1951 the United Nations legitimised each individual?s right of Asylum & assistance based on persecution, or fear of persecution, regardless of former citizenship, race, or religion - a point I previously have highlighted.

This laid the foundation for the current definition of refugee, which the UN adopted in 1967. So yeah, via research into European fact & fictions through Global & European eyes I learned more & it's certainly not a pleasant re-call to tell, particulary regarding what the history books say & what actually the people concernced know & say as many Lithuanians of my bloodline, sadly, deemed a hell of a lot of matters were kept under wraps from the public at the time of their plight & well after the land grabs.

My grandparents were moved all over & finally against their will to the west into Poland after fleeing Germans & Russians & from their testimonies the land they were literally left in was utterly destroyed & useless compared to what they had before the war which after was given over to the hands of the east. There is a myth that they had received more developed western areas. It wasn?t developed but completely ruined & everything had to be rebuilt from scratch, while Stalin took all that survived in their homeland.

The good thing about it is that we, the grandchildren generation are able to put the history books right as Poland back then with its new borders & Germany were in similar state after the war, completely destroyed, collapsed countries & broken.
While Germany was lucky enough to be at least partially taken over by the western side Lithuanians & the like had to suffer for another half a century after the war !

That is the main reason for Lithuanian national trauma, lack of trust & the iconic pessimism with sadness which was common in post Soviet countries.
It?s getting better now, especially with the new generations coming through, I was born in the 80's & during my lifetime, the place has evolved & developed so much, that sometimes I think it?s a miracle after what happened.

It?s just sad, so sad, that after all this suffering we have another war in Europe & again in the Middle East over land divided by others as I truly believe that we, as a European society, yes I am a European, are still affected by its dark past & need to do everything we can to help our neighbours & get rid of this mess currently descending through dishonest, out dated politics with bygone day values that don't reflect what many of my age even want.

So the degree course of historical fact available became a history lesson re-taught & factuallly changed significantly by its end term forming my views of today's global politics.
As it has done also again over the years, since further reading of different factual accounts emerging via sources i've mentioned which are validated & now open for public debate of which need debate to learn from, imo.

Never again should be never again.

None if which is "theory" or theorising, but a realisation of the reality of what was is now historical fact, as I have suggested in this dialogue. Theory suggests what might be, postulating examines what might have been, historians should be attuned to what WAS and the factual basis for arriving at any of conclusion thereof.

[Monaco_Totty]

? what if?s?! during times of war offer endless permutations. Unfortunate that many universities don?t offer that as ways of studying history or military tactics. You have to know what happened to do a lot of what if scenarios.

It?s also really stunning to think of what the terrible toll of war does to the pace of scientific and technological advancement. A century of development occurs in a decade.

I can?t even imagine what a conscientious objector goes through mentally in a time of war. Many corpsman were objectors and absolutely critical to the army.

I have found in discussions with the young folks at work that they studied no history or civics in college. Sad and alarming as these are key disciplines in studying human behavior.

My grandparents were orphaned children left behind in the evacuation of East Prussia in the carnage & chaos of the Red Army invasion in early 1945, moved around the rural outbacks living homeless among parts of East Prussia fed by Lithuanian resistance fighters families helping them safely over borders to eventually being adopted with no papers by Lithuanian families exiled to Poland welfare organisations.

A a woman the horrors my Grandmother saw & endured by the Germans & then Russians are unprintable, but I live with that disclosed testimony of knowledge & am proud to be stronger mentality for it.

During World War II, Lithuanian freedom fighters fought against the Soviet Union in a guerrilla war that lasted from 1944 to 1953 without the aid of machinery of destruction, just raw combat.

So although I do find stories of British conscientious objectors having a variety of reasons for refusing to fight, including pacifism, political beliefs & religious beliefs I also have great sympathy for them too, as I have shared too many hospital ward psychology sessions with modern day soldiers & veterans suffering serious mental illness which made my own diagnosed issues back then pale into insignificance.

[Monaco_Totty]

None if which is "theory" or theorising, but a realisation of the reality of what was is now historical fact, as I have suggested in this dialogue. Theory suggests what might be, postulating examines what might have been, historians should be attuned to what WAS and the factual basis for arriving at any of conclusion thereof.

Nope, theories are important in analyzing wars.
Such as in;

1.Just war theory.

A Christian philosophy that attempts to reconcile the idea that taking human life is wrong with the duty to defend citizens & justice. It considers the practicalities of war and meta-ethical conditions.
This theory is divided into three categories of 1.jus ad bellum, 2 jus in bello & 3. jus post bellum - which roughly translate to justice towards war, justice in war & justice after war.



2.Military theory.

A multi-disciplinary field that studies the theories that define, inform & explain war and warfare. It examines war and trends in warfare & aims to explain the causes of military victory.

3.Feminist analyses of war.

Asking how the dynamics of masculinities & femininities shape how war is constructed, experienced & defined.

4.Balance of power theory.

Argues that concentrations of power are destabilizing & that hegemony never occurs.

5.Power transition theory.

Argues the opposite of balance of power theory & that a single dominant military & economic power is most stable.

6.Power preponderance hypothesis

Holds that war is least likely when one state has a preponderance of power over another.

Finally, via discovery of new evidence constantly being discovered & surfacing recorded history is often rewritten.

Was my Grans Irish history factually correct,
was my Lithuanian Grandparents history factually correct ?

Theory contemplation questions get to know differing facts when discussed which often can provide new evidence to consider & sometimes significantly re-write history - a history that those in powers above often dont want us to know.

That is my point of view & obviously not yours.
Totty xx
Finito 🤝

[spaldy]

In the "it's a small world category"....

I had a neighbor across the street from me in Fishers, IN that was Latvian. He passed at 90 back in 2021. I used to go help him cut down scrub and trees as well heights work. I had to force him to allow me to help him. 80+ year olds don't need to be on ladders or running chainsaws. Afterwards he'd offer me beers and tell some stories. Hard to get him to reveal anything personally. Near the end he told me a riveting story about his life.

He was a prisoner of war for 3 different countries. Enlisted to help the Fins fight the russians when they invaded. He knew they were next. I suspect that he was underage given his age and when the war started. He was taken prisoners by the Russians when the Fins were overrun. He was conscripted to fight the Germans who he had no real problem with so he figured out he could cook and went that route. He also was very good at languages and knew quite a few so used him as a translator. When the Germans were overun by the Allies he was taken prisoner again. By then he was a good cook and spent the rest of the war cooking for officers. He was shipped over near the end of the war to a prison camp in Indiana (no fences- he said many were very happy to be there). After the war he ended up being adopted by a local church under a program and ended up in the US the rest of his days. The russians killed off his family so no reason to go back. He also said that they all came in and took over the baltic states.

Other than a deep hatred for the russians (not uncommon to anyone subjected to their rule) he was a really well adjusted and happy person. You would never have guessed his life story.

As MT knows Latvian is a unique language branch. I think it's one of two languages in this branch. I went to his funeral and honestly did not recognize hardly a world. I have a passing familiarity with several languages (mainly the romance language branch) so it was totally alien to me trying to figure out any words or even how the language worked syntax wise.

I was really glad to have had the chance to meet him.

[WTF11]

Back to the original issue of the thread;

https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/uknew...03335507&ei=14

The Independent is just that, and it has no "axe to grind" when it comes to a stance on American politics (unless of course you think that all news outlets are anti-Trump? If so, why?). Trump is in one way like an elephant, he doesn't forget. He's also like the basest of humanity, in the he bears a grudge. In a President the first is perhaps a commendable quality, the latter somewhat less so.

And now we see that President-elect Trump wants to bypass senate hearings to confirm the appointment of his nominees, despite having a Republican majority in House AND Senate and wants to resort to recess appointments, approval for which would rest on just the Senate, wonder why?

Said it earlier this thread, be careful what you wish for, your wishes might be answered..

[WTF11]

And this from GB News, the U equivalent of "Truth social", hardly a Trump opponent;

https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/world...e723ffb0&ei=13

[WTF11]

And another, despite the website trying to prevent logins on pc/laptop, f00k them all!)

https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/world...e41d1def&ei=69

[WTF11]

Must make your heart swell with pride to be an American, in the land of the free and the home of the brave.

https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/world...eb3a5009&ei=19

[WTF11]

And this from GB News, the U equivalent of "Truth social", hardly a Trump opponent;

https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/world...e723ffb0&ei=13

"GB equivalent" f00king predictive texting!